hello friends today we are going to talk about Teratogenic drugs causing specific syndromes during pregnancy
- Alcohol: fetal alcohol syndrome—IUGR, midfacial hypoplasia, developmental delay, short palpebral fissures, long philtrum, multiple joint anomalies, cardiac defects
- Diethylstilbestrol: DES syndrome—T-shaped uterus, vaginal adenosis (with predisposition to vaginal clear cell carcinoma), cervical hood, incompetent cervix, preterm delivery
- Dilantin: fetal hydantoin syndrome—IUGR, craniofacial dysmorphism (epicanthal folds, depressed nasal bridge, oral clefts), intellectual disability, microcephaly, nail hypoplasia, heart defects
- Isotretinoin (Accutane): congenital deafness, microtia, CNS defects, congenital heart defects.
- Lithium: Ebstein’s anomaly (right heart defect)
- Streptomycin: VIII nerve damage, hearing loss
- Tetracycline: after fourth month, deciduous teeth discoloration
- Thalidomide: phocomelia, limb reduction defects, ear/nasal anomalies, cardiac defects, pyloric or duodenal stenosis
- Trimethadione: facial dysmorphism (short upturned nose, slanted eyebrows),cardiac defects, IUGR, intellectual disability
- Valproic acid: neural tube defects (spina bifida), cleft lip, renal defects
- Warfarin: chondrodysplasia (stippled epiphysis), microcephaly, intellectual disability, optic atrophy